Green Synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles Using Agaricus bisporus Extract as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction.

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were synthesized using a rapid, eco-friendly, cost-effective, efficient, and biological method employing aqueous Agaricus bisporus extract as a capping and reducing agent. The formation of CuONPs was checked by UV-vis spectroscopy and was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and surface area and porosimetry analyzer. The characterization results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles had a spherical-like appearance and a crystal structure with 40-100 nm particle size. The green synthesized CuONPs were found to be an excellent and sustainable heterogeneous catalyst (TOF up to 29700 h-1 ) for the Suzuki C-C coupling of aryl halides with phenylboronic acid in a very short reaction time (10 minutes). Moreover, the easily recovered catalyst can be reused five times with just a negligible reduction in catalytic behavior.

Highly Enantioselective Binaphthyl-Based Chiral Phosphoramidite Stabilized-Palladium Nanoparticles for Asymmetric Suzuki C-C Coupling Reactions.

The optically pure binaphthyl-based phosphoramidite ligands and their perfluorinated analogs have been first used for the preparation of chiral palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs). These PdNPs have been extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, 31P NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques. The circular dichroism(CD) analysis of chiral PdNPs exhibited negative cotton effects. Perfluorinated phosphoramidite ligands provided smaller (2.32-3.45 nm) and well-defined nanoparticles, in comparison with the nonfluorinated analog (4.12 nm). The catalytic behavior of binaphthyl-based phosphoramidite stabilized chiral PdNPs has been investigated in the asymmetric Suzuki C-C coupling reactions for the formation of sterically hindered binaphthalene units, and high isolated yields (up to 85%) were achieved with excellent enantiomeric excesses (>99% ee). Recycling studies revealed that chiral PdNPs could be reused over 12 times without significant loss in activity and enantioselectivity (>99% ee). The nature of the active species was also investigated with a combination of poisoning and hot filtration tests and found that catalytically active species is the heterogeneous nanoparticles. These results indicate that the use of phosphoramidite ligands as a stabilizer for developing efficient and unique chiral nanoparticles could open up a field for many other asymmetric organic transformations promoted by chiral catalysts.

DNA Binding and Anticancer Properties of New Pd(II)-Phosphorus Schiff Base Metal Complexes.

DNA has become the target of metal complexes in cancer drug discovery. Due to the side effects of widely known cisplatin and its derivative compounds, alternative metal-based drug discovery studies are still ongoing. In this study, the DNA-binding ability of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes of four phosphorus Schiff base ligands and four hydrazonoic-phosphines are investigated by using in silico analyses. Phosphorus Schiff base-Pd(II) complexes encoded as B1 and B2 with the best DNA-binding potential are synthesized and characterized. The DNA-binding potentials of these two new Pd(II) complexes are also investigated experimentally, and their antitumor properties are demonstrated in vitro in A549, MCF7, HuH7, and HCT116 cancer cells. The mechanisms of these metal complexes that kill the cells mentioned above in different activities are elucidated by flow cytometry apoptosis analysis and colony formation analysis The in silico binding energies of these two new palladium complexes ΔG (B1): -4.51 and ΔG (B2): -6.04 kcal/mol, and their experimental DNA-binding constants were found as Kb (B1): 4.24 × 105, Kb (B2): 4.98 × 105). The new complexes, which show different antitumor effects in different cells, are the least effective in HuH7 liver cells, while they showed the best antitumor properties in HCT116 colon cancer cells.